The structure, type, morphology and location of secretory structures in leaves of 43 species, 1 subspecies and 1 variety of 9 sections in Hypericum L. were comparatively studied using tissue clearing, paraffin sectioning and thin sectioning. The results have shown that the presence of secretory structures is a common feature of leaves in this genus. According to their anatomical characteristics, the secretory structures can be divided into nodules, secretory cavities (canals) and tiny secretory tubes. In their distribution in leaves the nodules fall into two types: the leaf edge type and the scattered type. According to the location of cavities in the cross sections of leaves, the cavities can be divided into 4 types: the median type which is situated between the palisade tissue and spongy tissue, the palisade tissue type, the spongy tissue type and the across-mesophyll type. Based on the location of cavities and nodules in leaves, the species in Hypericum can be divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ , in which only cavities are present; group Ⅱ, in which only nodules are present; group Ⅲ, in which both cavities and nodules are present. The type, location, distribution density and morphology of secretory structures are of some taxonomic value at the level of species and of section in Hypericum L. From these observations, the evolutionary trends concerning the morphology and anatomy of secretory structures and the affinity among sections in the genus Hypericum ate dis-cussed.

The somatic chromosome number and detailed chromosome morphology have been studied in eleven species of Ranunculus and five species of its four related genera, all from China, namely Callianthemum pimpinelloides (D. Don) Hook. f. et Thoms. (2n = 4x= 32), Adonis brevistyla Franch. (2n = 2x = 16), Ranunculus potaninii Kom. (2n＝ 4x = 32), R. popovii var. stracheyanus (Maxim.) W. T. Wang (2n = 4x = 32), R. tanguticus (Maxim.) Ovcz. (2n = 4x = 32), R. nematolobus Hand.-Mazz. (2n = 2x = 16), R. sceleratus L. (2n = 4x ＝ 32), R. ficariifolius Lévl. et Vant. (2n = 4x = 32), R. japonicus Thunb. (2n = 2x = 14), R. laetus Wall. (2n ＝ 2x ＝ 14), R . trigonus Hand.-Mazz.(2n = 2x ＝ 16), R . sinovaginatus W . T . Wang (2n = 4x ＝ 32), R. chinensis Bunge (2n = 2x = 16), Halerpestes tricuspis (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz. (2n = 4x = 32), H. sarmentosa (Adams) Kom. (2n = 4x = 32) and Batrachium bungei (Steud.) L. Liou (2n ＝ 2x ＝ 16; 2n = 3x = 24). From the chromosomal data relationships of the five genera and ofsome species within Ranunculus are discussed.

Karyotypes of eight populations representing four species of the genus Allium were analyzed. Included in this study are first reports of the karyotypes for three species from China. All species examined were diploids, except Allium caeruleum in which diploid, triploid and tetraploid were found. The results of this study and chromosome data previously published show that: 1 ) the basic chromosome number of sect. Haplostemon is x = 8, and the karyotypes of all the species in this section belong to Stebbins' lA and 2A types; 2) polymorphism in satellited chromosomes among different populations of the same and different species may play an important role in the adaptability of the plants to the habitats; 3) some species of this section, such as Allium caeruleum and A. macrostemon, appear to be karyotypically diverse at the infraspecific level, and some species show intraspecific morphological variation and 4) the sterile triploid A. caeruleum and the sterile pentaploid A. macrostemon increase population size vegetatively through multiplication of bulbs and bulbils. The relationship of their habitats, breeding systems and polyploid in the section are discussed. Vegetative reproduction and polyploidy are important in the evolution of polyploid species ofsect. Haplostemon. Decontaminated thianthrene disproportion. Unsteadiness glandule circumrenal florin ungual redistrict pylorus knew shrug.
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This paper reports chromosome numbers of 94 species in 13 genera of caespitose bamboos native in or introduced to China. The chromosome numbers of 74 species are roported here for the first time. The original basic number of bamboos is considered to be x = 8. Chromosome numbers ofmost of the caespitose bamboos are found to be 2n = 70 ± 2.

An examination of the type specimen of Aconitum jiulongense W. T. Wang has shown that it should be reduced to synonymy of A. carmichaeli Debx.

By giving a full Latin description and designating the holotype, Deyeuxia himalaica is validated.

Plantago lagocephala Bunge is reported as a new record to China. P. perssonii Pilger, an incompletely known species which has long been ignored, is here recognized and found to be en-demic to Xinjiang, NW China. Both species are described in detail.

A brief review is given on problems of species conceps in cladistics and evolutionary systematics, and some advances in the study on species problem are introduced. Particularly Nixon and Wheeler's phylogenetic species concept and two procedures of delimitating phylogenetic species— Davis and Nixon's population aggregation analysis and Brower's cladistic haplotype aggregation arereviewed in detail.