Table of Contents
  • Volume 29 Issue 1

      
      Research Articles
    • Pan Jin-Tang
      1991, 29 (1): 1–24
      This paper presents a system of the genus Saxifraga L. from China, recognizes
      2 subgenera, 8 sections, 7 subsections (including 1 new subsection), 31 series (including 23
      new series), 4 subseries (new subseries) and 203 species (including 2 new species and 4 new
      varieties).
      The new taxa, statuses, combinations and names in this paper are as follows: Sect. Biro-
      stres (Gornall) C. Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, stat. nov.,; Sect. Punctatae (Engl.) J. T. Pan, stat.
      nov.; Ser. Rufescentes J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga lonshengensis J. T. Pan, sp. nov.; S.
      rufescens Balf. f. var. uninervata J. T. Pan, var. nov.; S. rufescens Balf. f. var. flabellifolia
      C. Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, nom. nov.; Ser. Stonoliferae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Stellariifoliae
      (Engl. et Irmsch.) J. T. Pan, stat. nov.; Subser. Aristulatae J. T. Pan, subser. nov.; Subser.
      Montanae J. T. Pan, subser, nov.; Saxifraga ciliatopetata (Engl. et Irmsch.) J. T. Pan var.
      ciliata J. T. Pan, var. nov.; Subser. Gonggashanenses J. T. Pan, subser, nov.; Subser. Car-
      diophyllae J. T. Pan, subser. nov.; Saxifraga egregia Engl. var. xiaojinensis J. T. Pan, var.
      nov.; Ser. Caveanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Heterocladoideae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser.
      Chumbienses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Bulleyanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Brachypodae C.
      Y. Wu et J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Erinaceae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga substrigosa J.
      T. Pan var. gemmifera J. T. Pan, var. nov.; Ser. Umbellulatae J. T. Pan, ser. nov; Ser. Yu-
      shuenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Ungviculatae J. T. Pan, Ser. nov.; Ser. Punctu-
      latae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Candelabriformes J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Tanguti-
      cae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga tangutica Engl. var. platyphylla (H. Smith) J. T. Pan,
      comb. nov.; Ser. Yaluzangbuenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Jainzhuglaenses J. T. Pan, ser.
      nov.; Saxifraga jainzhulaensis J. T. Pan, sp. nov.; Ser. Jacquemontianae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.;
      Ser. Nanae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Subsect. Microgynae J. T. Pan, subsect. nov.; Ser. Nangxi-
      anenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Mucronulatae J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Parkaenses J.T.
      Pan, ser. nov.; Ser. Deqenenses J. T. Pan, ser. nov.; Saxifraga mucronulatoides J. T. Pan,
      nom. nov.
    • Hong De-Yuan, Ma Li-Ming
      1991, 29 (1): 25–51
      The genus Cyananthus is distributed in the Himalayan Floristic Subregion. In the early years, it was treated as a member of Polemoniaceae, but it is now generally regarded as a natural group of Campanulaceae. Made in this paper were a comprehensive comparative morphological study, a biometrical analysis of quantitative characters and an analysis of distribution pattern. The systematic position of the genus is discussed based on the evidence from pollen morphology, chromosome number and external morphology. Finally the classification of the genus is revised. As a result of the character analysis, the evolutionary trends of the characters in Campanulaceae are suggested: superior ovary is a primitive state; the pollen grains have evolved from long-multicolpal to short-colpal, then to multiporate; the basic chromosome numbers have changed from 7 to 8 or 9, from which the groups with x=17 are derived (see Fig. 2), Fig. 2 illustrates that Cyananthus is the most primitive genus in the Gampanulaceae, closely related to Codonopsis, Platycodon, Leptocodon and Campanumoea. All these genera are relatively primitive in the family. The genus Cyananthus is distributed in S. E. Gansu (Zhugqu), W. Sichuan, S. and E. Xizang, S. Qinghai and N. W. Yunnan, extending westwards to Kashmir along the Himalayas. Therefore, the genus is strictly limited to the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas. That is to say, it occupies the whole Sino-Himalayan Floristic Subregion (Fig. 3). This is of great importance for determining the limits of the floristic subregion, and for drawing a more acurate line between the Sino-Japanese Subregion and the Sine-Himalayan Floristic Subregion. The analysis of distribution patterns of species shows that the Hengduan Mountains is the distribution centre of the two major groups of Cyananthus, Sect. Stenolobi Franch. and Sect. Annui (Lian) Hong et L. M. Ma. In these two groups, only four out of 12 species, i. e. C. incanus Hook. f. et Thoms., C. macrocalyx Franch., C. hookeri C. B. Cl. and C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms., extend their areas westwards to Sikkim and Nepal. The other section, Sect. Cyananthus also exists in the west of the Hengduan Mountains. Although in the Himalayas occur three major groups of the genus, only the last-mentioned group-Sect. Cyananthus is mainly distributed in the area (Fig. 4). According to the fact, we tend to infer that the Hengduan Mountains is both the frequency and diversity centers of the genus Cyananthus. The genera of Campanulaceae, which are relatively primitive and the closest relatives of Cyananthus, all occur in SW China and the adjacent regions. Therefore, the region may well be the preserved center of the primitive genera, or even may be the original center of the Campanulaceae. All data accumulated demonstrate that the genus is very old but still under intensive differentiation. With few diagnostic qualitative characters, the characters used in classifications are mostly quantitative ones. The following characters were usually used for classification of the genus: habit, plant size, leaf shape, leaf size, hairs on the leaf, corolla colour, petiole length, corolla length and hairs on the calyx, etc. Among them, only habit, corolla colour and hairs belong to qualitative characters, and all of the others are quantitative ones. Because variation ranges of quantitative characters have never been thoroughly studied in the previous classifications, some named taxa are artificial. An extensive statistical analysis of quantitative characters were carried out in the work to reveal their variation ranges. Based on this, 5 specific names are reduced as synonyms: C. microrhombeus C. Y. Wu is reduced to C. delavayi Franch.; C. argenteus Marq. to C. longiflorus Franch.; C. pseudo-inflatus Tsoong to C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms.; and both C. neurocalyx C. Y. Wu and C. leiocalyx (Franch.) Cowan to C. macrocalyx Franch., while C. montanus C. Y. Wu and C. Petiolatus Franch. are treated as subspecies in C. flavus Marq. and C. incanus Hook. f. et Thoms. respectively. As a result of the revision, 19 species and 2 subspecies are recognized in the present paper, with 7 species names and 15 variety names reduced. The genus is divided into three sections according to habit, corolla lobes and hairy types on calyx: Sect. Cyananthus, Sect. Stenolobi Franch. and Sect. Annui (Lian) Hong et L. M. Ma. In the present paper the chromosome number of the genus Cyananthus is reported for the first time, C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms. from Yadong, S. Tibet, being found to have 2n=14. And pollen morphology of the genus Leptocodon was first examined under SEM and is shownin Plate 1.
    • Chen Shou-Liang, Su Pu
      1991, 29 (1): 52–59
      This paper deals with pollen morphology of Zizania L. and its relatives. A total of 7 genera, 13 species, 3 varieties and 1 form were examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results are as follows: 1. The genus Zizania belongs to tribe Oryzeae as shown by pollen characters, i, e. subspheroidal to ovoid in shape, monoporate, exine two-layered, with minute granules under LM. 2. The evolutionary trend of these taxa seems to be from minute granules free (Zizania latifolia, Z. texana, Zizaniopsis milicea and Oryza sativa) to minute granules aggregated in a group of 2-4 (many) (Zizania aquatica, Z. palustris, Leersia hexandra etc.). The genus Zizania may be derived from the ancient stock which has also given rise to the genus Oryza, and therefore parallel evolution may have taken place in Oryzeae, i. e. from perennial species to annual species in Zizania in one line, and from the genus Oryza to Leersia, Chikusichloa etc. in the other. 3. The characters of pollen morphology under LM and SEM support the division of the genus, Zizania into 4 species, 2 subspecies in the world, i. e. Z. latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. ex Stapf, Z. texana Hitchc., Z. aquatica subsp. aquatica, Z. aquatica subsp. brevis (Fassett) S. L.Chen, Z. palustris subsp. palustris, and Z. palustris subsp. interior (Fassett) S. L. Chen.
    • Wang Ping-Li, Chang King-Tang
      1991, 29 (1): 60–66
      The present paper deals with the pollen morphology of 103 species belonging to six
      genera-Castanea, Castanopsis, Lithocarpus, Quercus, Fagus and Trigonobalanus in three
      subfamilies-Castaneoideae, Quercoideae and Fagoideae. All pollen grains were examined
      under light microscope and scanning electron microscope, and those of some species were ex-
      amined under transmission electron microscope. The results may be summarised as follows:
      1. Pollen morphology of Fagaceae, seems to support division of the family into three
      subfamilies. Fagoideae, Castaneoideae and Quercoideae.
      2. Four types of pollen grains are recognized in Fagaceae:
      1) Fagus-type (representative genus: Fagus): pollen granis are oblate-sphaeroidal,
      (31.5-39.9) x (35.7 46.2) μm in size, 3(-4)-colporate, peritreme or goniotreme, granulate-
      ornate under LM., granulate or verrucate under SEM.
      2) Trigonobalanus-type (T. doichangensis): pollen grains are suboblate-sphaeroidal,
      (23.1-29.4) ×(25.2-29.4) μm in size, 3-colporate, goniotreme, obscurely granulate-ornate
      under LM, densely granulate or verrucate under SEM.
      3) Quercus-type (Quercus): pollen grains are subspheroidal-subprolate, (21-44.3)
      × (16.8-39.9) μm in size. 3-colporoidate (-3-colpate), peritreme, crassgranulate or finely-gra-
      nulate under LM, tuberculate verrucate or spinate under SEM.
      4) Castanea-type (including Castanea, Castanopsis, Lithocarpus): Pollen grains are
      prolate-supraprolate, (14.7-23.1)×(10.5-16.8)μm in size; 3-colporate, peritreme, obscu-
      rely ornate or subpsilate, under LM, rugulose, striate-rugulate or crass-striate under SEM.
      3. Pollen grains of Cyclobalanopsis age very similar to those of Quercus, and there-
      fore we support the treatment of Cyclobalanopsis as a subgenus of Quercus.
      4. On the basis of shape, type of aperture and exine structure, pollen of Trigonobalanus
      is distinguishable from those of the other genera in Fagaceae and it may be a new type of Fagaceae;
      5. On the basis of pollen morphology, morphological characters and geological stratification a scheme of phylogeny of Fagaceae is here presented.
    • Ma Zhong-Wu, He Guan-Fu, Yin Wan-Fen, Pan Jiong-Guang, Xu Zhi-Ling
      1991, 29 (1): 67–70
      The chemical components of different genera and species of Taxaceae have been
      analyzed in order to provide data for discussion of the systematic position of this family. A
      characteristic component tsugalacton (or tsugaresinol) from trunk of Pseudotaxus chienii
      (Cheng) Cheng has been reported in our previous paper. The present paper deals with our
      preliminary study on essential oil composition of leaves in the same species. Thirt-eight
      components have been isolated and 33 of them have been identified. Three of them, limonene,
      α-pinene, and δ-3-carene, are the main ones, with their contents being more than 1/3 in the
      total essential oil. This characteristic of the essential oil composition from leaves of Pseu-
      dotaxus chienii resembles to that of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’.
    • Lan Yong-Zhen, Cheo Tai-Yien
      1991, 29 (1): 71–75
      The present study deals with external morphology, chromosome number, pollen morphology and seed anatomy of three species of Brassica in China. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Brassica xinjiangensis is described as a new species based on the chromosome number n=9, and 3-4-colpate and reticulate pollen grains. In the transverse section of seed, epidermal cells are triangular, semiterete or irregular, subepidermal cells consist of one series, palisade cells terete and equal in length. Leaves are petiolate or not; stems, sepals, pistils and siliquae are usually covered with retrorse-pilose hairs; rostrum stout, 12 mm long. By the above characters this species differs from others in this genus. 2. Relationship between B. nigra and B. xinjiangensis. In the former all leaves are petiolate, and the lower part of stems and leaves usually bristly; sepals, pistils and siliquae are glabrous; pedicels are erect and appressed to the axis of infructescence; rostrum is gracile, 2.5 mm long. The chromosome number is n=8. Pollen grains are 3-colpate; the exine is cerebroid-reticulate under SEM. In the transverse section of seeds, epidermal cells are undulate, subepidermal cells in 1-2 series, palisade cells terete, short and unequal in length. These characteristics are the same as reported by Koch (1833), Darlington and Wylie (1955), Goldblatt (1981), Vaughan et al. (1971), Lan (1986). 3. Taxonomical position of B. celerifolia. It was treated as B. juncea var. celerifolia by Tsen et Lee (1942). According to the chromosome number n=10, 3-4-colporate pollen grains, it deserves specific rank. This species differs from B. juncea, which has the chromo-some number n=18 and 3-4-colpate pollen grains.
    • Sun Hang, Chen Chieh
      1991, 29 (1): 76–78
      In this paper, natural distribution of the genus Calliandra Benth. and anew record species, Calliandra umbrosa, from China are reported.
    • Chen Hu-Biao, Cheng Ching-Yung
      1991, 29 (1): 79–79
      A new recorded genus, Cephalaria Schrad. ex Roem. et Schult. (Dipsacaceae), is reported here and C. gigantea (Ldb.) Bobr. is found for the first time inXinjiang, China.
    • Ku Tsue-Chih
      1991, 29 (1): 80–83
      In the present paper, we new species and two new varieties of Saxifragaceae and Rosaceae are described from the Hengduan Mountains. They are Philadelphus lushui-ensis Ku et S. M. Hwang, Parnassia lanceolata Ku var. oblongipetala Ku, P. nubicola Wall.ex Royle var. nana Ku and Malus muliensis Ku.
    • Ni Zhi-Cheng
      1991, 29 (1): 84–85
      Caragana sajaensis Ni (Leguminosae)is described from Xizang, China, asnew.
    • Chen Sing-Chi, Wu Jia-Lin
      1991, 29 (1): 86–88
      Cypripedium daliense S. C. Chen et J. L. Wu, a new Species ofOrchidaceae is described with illustrations.
    • Zhong Guo-Yue
      1991, 29 (1): 89–91
      Epimedium ecalcaratum G. Y. Zhong is described as new from SichuanProvince, China.
    • Fu Hua-Long, Zhao Qing-Fang
      1991, 29 (1): 92–96
      In this paper, two new species, one new record of the Characeae from Xinjiang are reported. They are Chara brevibracteata Han, C.vesicata Fu et Q. F.Zhao and C. vandulurensis Sund.
Editors-in-Chief
Song Ge
Jun Wen
Impact Factor
3.7
JCR 2022 IF ranking: 60/238 (Plant Sciences, top 25%, Q2 quartile)
Journal Abbreviation: J Syst Evol
ISSN: 1674-4918 (Print)
1759-6831 (Online)
CN: 11-5779/Q
Frequency: Bi-monthly

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