A new species and a new variety of Orchidaceae, Cymbidium concinnum Z. J. Liu & S. C. Chen and C. eburneum var. longzhouense Z. J. Liu & S. C. Chen, are described and illustrated. Cymbidium concinnum is related to C. mastersii Griff. ex Lindl., from which it differs by having unlobed-tipped leaves, an 18- to 22-flowered inflorescence and a V-shaped, purple-red patch on the mid-lobe of the lip; C. eburneum var. longzhouense differs from typical variety mainly by having rather dense purple-red mottles on the mid-lobe and the apical parts of the side-lobes of the lip. Cymbidium maguanense is discussed taxonomically, for which a neotype is chosen here. A key is provided to six Chinese taxa of Cymbidium sect. Eburnea.