Journal of Systematics and Evolution ›› 2023, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 790-805.DOI: 10.1111/jse.12912

• • 上一篇    下一篇

  

  • 收稿日期:2022-04-05 接受日期:2022-09-04 出版日期:2023-09-01 发布日期:2023-09-12

Rapid structural evolution of Dendrobium mitogenomes and mito-nuclear phylogeny discordances in Dendrobium (Orchidaceae)

Meng-Ting Wang, Zhen-Yu Hou, Chao Li, Jia-Peng Yang, Zhi-Tao Niu, Qing-Yun Xue, Wei Liu, and Xiao-Yu Ding*   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
    *Author for correspondence. E-mail:dingxynj@263.net
  • Received:2022-04-05 Accepted:2022-09-04 Online:2023-09-01 Published:2023-09-12

Abstract: Reconstructing mitochondrial genomes of angiosperms is extremely intricate due to frequent recombinations which give rise to varied sized in Dendrobium mitogenomes and their structural variations, even in most orchid species. In this study, we first sequenced two complete and five draft mitochondrial genomes of Dendrobium using next-generation and third-generation sequencing technologies. The mitochondrial genomes were 420 538-689 048 bp long, showing multipartite (multichromosomal) structures that consisted of variably sized circular or linear-mapping isoforms (chromosomes). The comparison of mitochondrial genomes showed frequent gene losses in Dendrobium species. To explore structure variations of mitochondrial genomes in vivo, we quantified copy numbers of five mitochondrial genes and DNA contents per mitochondrion. The gene copy numbers and the DNA contents showed extreme differences during Dendrobium development, suggesting dynamic structures of mitochondrial genomes. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships of 97 accessions from 39 Dendrobium species were constructed based on 12 nuclear single-copy genes and 15 mitochondrial genes. We discovered obvious discordance between the nuclear and mitochondrial trees. Reticulate evolution was inferred from the species network analysis in Dendrobium. Our findings revealed the rapid structural evolution of Dendrobium mitochondrial genomes and the existence of hybridization events in Dendrobium species, which provided new insights into in vivo structural variations of plant mitochondrial genomes and the strong potential of mitochondrial genes in deciphering plant evolution history.

Key words: Dendrobium, mitochondrial genome, phylogenetic discordance, structural evolution