Abstract: Macroecology and macroevolution aim to identify general processes shaping biodiversity patterns. Although such unifying drivers remain difficult to detect, recent modeling advances allow analyses at larger scales. In this study, we focus on the Bambusoideae, a Poaceae subfamily, exhibiting substantial diversity in morphology, ecology, and ploidy levels across their major clades. We hypothesize that Bambusoideae tribes exhibit distinct evolutionary trajectories and dynamics. To investigate these patterns and their underlying processes, we combined extensive molecular data to reconstruct a time-calibrated phylogeny encompassing 694 species. We modeled continuous diversification rates to assess heterogeneity among major lineages. We then tested the effects of geographic distribution, climatic niches, and phylogenetic structure on present-day speciation rates. Our results reveal heterogeneity in diversification rates, with an association between niche shifts and diversification bursts that could be consistent with a potential role of whole-genome duplication events. In contrast, niches and geographic distribution explain a limited proportion of the present speciation. These findings align with studies in other plant groups, suggesting that universal drivers explaining diversification patterns are difficult to identify. Instead, lineage-specific factors, captured by phylogenetic structure, and local environmental conditions may play a stronger role. This study reveals key mechanisms driving bamboo diversification and improves our understanding of how large-scale factors shape evolutionary trajectories.