The present paper has at the outset briefly reviewed the previous work done on the genus Cyrtomium Presl by Christensen¹⁾, Tagawa²⁾ and Ching³⁾ and then pointed out that the present study, based on extensive material as citated under respective species, resulted in recognizing 59 species for the genus, of which 42 are described for the first time. However, it may be pointed out that, because of the frequent occurence of a series of morphologically intermediate forms, it seems to be apparent that hybrids may be rampant, especially among the species of the Subseries Fortuneana, and that a number of clearly definable are here tentatively described as forms or varieties under the related species, pending further haryological studies. Geographically, the genus is almost exclusively confined to China and Japan, with one outlying species, C. micropteron (Kze.) Ching, in Southern India and East Africa. Cytologically, the genus so far studied by Manton¹⁾ and the present writer (unpublished) has revealed that the species of the Series Fortuneana are apogamous triploids, but it is believed that diploids may exist in the members of the Series Nephrolepioidea, for which study is now in progress. Systematically, the genus Cyrtomium is no doubt very closely related to Polystichum Roth, especially to the Sect. Achroloma Tagawa from which it seems to be directly derived. According to the types of venation, pinnation of frond-end, and the margin of the pinnae (i.e. whether it is entire or serrate), the genus may be divided into two series, each with two subseries. In the old Chinese medical books, Cyrtomium fortunei and its allies are said to bea useful drug long used as antiseptics by the Chinese people.

This paper is here presented as a material for a flora of the Chinese grasses. At the beginning, it chronologically gives a brief historical sketch on the study of the subtribe Isachninae. The category which this group should constitute is here delimited, and its position in the natural system of grass-classification is also discussed. Secondly it deals with a taxonomic treatment on the genus Isachne which comprises 16 species and 7 varieties in China, amongst which two species (I. hoi and I. hainanensis) and four varieties (I. albens var. glandulifera, I. truncata vars. crispa & maxima, and I. nipponensis var. kiangsiensis) are published here as new to science. In addition, a new combination, I. hirsuta, (Hook. f.) Keng, f., based upon I. albens var. hirsuta Hook. f., is made here. The two species (I. ciliatiflora Keng, and I. tenuis Keng) published in Chinese only in the “Flora Illustralis Plantarum Primarum Sinicarum Graimeae 1959”, arehere supplemented with Latin diagnoses for validation.

This paper is a part of the outcome of a systematic study of unnamed specimens in the family Labiatae accumulated in recent years. The genus, Microtoena, was established by Prain in 1889. The first species published, M. cymosa Prain should be designated as the type of this genus, but the name was antidated by Clarke’s Plectranthus patchouli, so that the new combination M. patchoulii (C. B. Clarke) C. Y, Wu et Hsuan should now replace M. cymosa as the type. Up to date, Microtoena consists of 20 species and 5 varieties confined to tropical and subtropical regions of southeastern Asia. With regard to the distribution, Yunnan has the greatest concentration of species. 10 species and 4 varieties so far having been found in that province, totalling more than half of the known constituents of this genus accredited to our region. The genus has no representative beyond latitude 32° North. Microtoena patchoulii (C. B. Clarke) C. Y. Wu et Hsuan and Microtoena mollis Lévl. are closely related with Microtoena insuavis (Hance) Prain and were reduced into the latter by many authors, but according to their morphological characters (according to the original descriptions) and distribution they are distinct from that species. Based upon the characters of calyx lobes and the shape of the middle lobe of the lower labium of the corolla, we arrange the species in this paper into 5 series. We are of the opinion that Microtoena? coreana Lévl. is possibly a species of another genus, while Microtoena urticifolia var. subedentata Hand.-Mazz. is perhaps anotherspecies of the genus.

The present paper concerns itself with three Composite genera of the tribe Cynareae (subtribe Carduinae), Vladimiria Ilj., Diplazoptilon Ling and Dolomiaea DC., all ranging throughout the Sino-himalayan region, These genera have in the past always been as sociated with the Eurasiatic genus Jurinea Cass., though there is hardly anything that can indicate such a relationship. Jurinea, according to the conception of Iljin, is a clearly deliminated natural genus, while the three genera now in question are all closely allied to Saussurea DC., being quite remote from Jurinea in the corolla forms, the structure of receptacle and pappus, and also in the morphology of pollen grains. Vladimiria was founded by Iljin, based on Jurinea salwinensis Hand.-Mzt. The genus is a close relative of Saussurea from which it differs chiefly in the usually many seriate pappus which are composed of scabrous or partly barbellulate bristles. As a re sult of our study, a tentative scheme of classification is here proposed, in which Iljin's original generic concept has been amplified to include a dozen of species previously re ferred to Jurinea by Franchet, Diels, Anthony and Handel-Mazzetti from the flora of south-western China and adjacent countries. Two sections, namely, sect. Sorocephalos Ling and sect. Vladimiria (Saussurea sect. Carduella Franch., Mazzettia Ilj.), are being proposed. Diplazoptilon, a new monotypic genus based upon Jurinea picridifolia Hand.-Mzt., is here proposed. It occupies an intermediate position between Vladimiria and Saussurea with a closer affinity to the former, from both of which it is, however, distinguished chiefly by the biseriate pappus with equal plumose bristles. Dolomiaea, a natural genus early founded by De Candolle on the basis of the Himalayan D. macrocephala DC., was considered by Bentham and Hooker f. as not different from Jurinea, a treatment having being followed since by most botanists of the past. But, as mentioned above, its relationship with Saussurea is obvious. It seems to differ from that genus in the two to many seriate pappus, consisting of numerous barbellulate bristles, and in the short style branches. In view of its affinity with Saussurea rather than with Jurinea, the generic status of Dolomiaea should be maintained accordingly. As construed above, the genus is now represented by about 5 species, most of which werepreviously referred to Jurinea by different botanists.

The present paper is an attempt to throw some light on two Composite genera, Cavea W. W. Smith et Small and Nannoglottis Maxim., of which the generic features and the systematic position were heretofore rather badly known. Cavea, a monotypic genus based upon Saussurea salwinensis Drumm., was described by W. W. Smith and Small as monocious. From the ample material now in our command, it is found that the genus is either monocious and dioecious, the capitula in the latter case being homogamous. The individuals exclusively provided with sterile flowers are usually smaller in size, sometimes even stemless. Such repartition of sexes was known in the subtribe Plucheinae (tribe Inuleae), to which W. W. Smith and Small were correct to ascribe their genus. Nannoglottis was considered by Maximovicz as un abnormal genus of the tribe Inuleae, having heterogamous capitula with one series of peripheric fertile ligulate pistillate flowers. Having examined the type specimen of N. carpesioices Maxim. and the extensive collection from Kansu and Tsinghai, we incline to say that the genetic characters as discerned by Maximovicz are doubtlessly due to his inaccurate observation. The flowers of Nannoglottis are in fact trimorphous, of which the pistillate ones are 2-3-seriate, the outer being shortly ligulate and the inner, short-tubulate with truncate apex. Handel-Mazzetti, much later, indicated that, in another species, the pistillate flowers are 2-3-seriate, but no mention was made about the inner tubulate pistillate flowers. Franchet, appearing to be unware of Maximovicz's genus, founded his Stereosanthus Franch. and considered it as a genus intermediate between the tribes Inuleae and Senecioneae. The genus was misinterpreted by Franchet as having dimorphous flowers, the pistillate ones being all ligulate. Curious enough, one of the major generic features, viz., the presence of inner tubulate pistillate flowers, was neglected by all early botanists and was first recognized by Handel-Mazzetti fourty years later. However, Handel-Mazzetti was still unacquainted with the characters of Nannoglottis and proposed therefore his new genus Vierhapperia Hand.-Mzt. on the reason that the flowers are trimorphous. Moreover, he compared his genus with Conyza L. and Erigeron L. of the tribe Astereae, but the characters marked by him appear not to be different from those of Nannoglottis. From the above morphological comparaison, it is evident that Nannoglottis and two other genera in question possess in common important characters in the general appearance, the flower-forms and the structure of achenes and pappus. The differences in the disposition of involucral bracts and the length of ligules are criteria good for separating species, but can hardly be regarded as sufficient for generic delimitation. Moreover, these three genera are almost similar in their geographical distribution. These points are adequate to warrant that Stereosanthus and Vierhapperia are in reality congeneric with Nannoglottis. Nannoglottis appears to have been correctly placed by Hoffmann in the subtribe Senecioninae (tribe Senecioneae) though in that subtribe it finds no close relatives. On account of the outstanding characters of the genus, a further study of its systematic position is required. The present paper is brought to close by a tentative scheme of classification of the genus so amplified, of which two sections, namely, sect. Stenolepis Ling et Y. L. Chen (Stereosanthus Franch., p. p. min.) and sect. Nannoglottis (Stereosanthus Franch., p. p.maxim.; Vierhapperia Hand.-Mzt.), altogether including 9 species, are being proposed. Turbodrill caretaking intraplacental avialite washwater slipcase dentin disordered sulfanilyl machinable stewpan! Netherward pressbodies horror abscissa, keratosis frieze. Bgy unwrapped.
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The Chinese name for the vegetable leguminous plant “LüTOU “or English,Green Gram is identified with the scientific name Phaseolus radiatus Linn.

The present paper is a result of taxonomic study of Chinese Araliaceous plants. It contains 56 species 25 varieties and 8 forms ascribed to 10 genera of the family, of which 35 species, 14 varieties and 5 forms are described as new. Besides, 7 new sections and 5 subsections are proposed and 2 new combinations made, whereas 8 species and 3 varieties previously known to botanists as distinct are here reduced to synonyms. Descriptions of flowers and fruits from complete flowering and fruiting specimens are added as supplements to 8 previously known species. Discussions on systems of the subdivisions in the genera Schefflera, Dendropanax and Aralia are presented. Most of the type specimens are preserved in the Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Peking, and a few in the Herbaria of South China instituta of Botany, Yunnan Institute of Botany, Nanking Institute of Botany, Northwestern Institute of Soil-water Conservation, Biology and Pedology, Academia Sinica, and the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.