Abstract: The tuberous root of Hemsleya, namely “jin-gui-lian”, is commonly used as a traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, it is chiefly used for curing flatulence,diarrhea, dysentery, cardialgia, bronchitis, uteritis with a satisfactory effect. In order to make sure of its medical effect and explore its abundant resources, we have made a survey of the genus Hemsleya in Sichuan Province. The genus is mainly distributed in the southern and southwestern parts of China, with a concentration in Sichuan Province. According to our preliminary survey, there are 9 species and 6 varieties (including 5 new species and 5 new varieties) in Sichuan Province. A key to species and the descriptions for the new taxa are provided in the presentpaper.