_{The classification and the relationships among the genera of Chinese Triticeae were studied based on morphological characters with reference to geographical distribution and habitat conditions. The spike of Triticeae might have been derived from a panicled inflorescence like that in the Bromeae through a racemose inflorescence like the one in the Brachypodieae. There might be three evolutionary lines in the tribe. 1. Pedicels of the panicled inflorescence have become short and bracts decreased in size, which has resulted in a panicled spike with indefinite spikelets or false solitary spikelets at each node of rachis. The middle ribes of both glumes and lemmas and rachilla are not in a single plane. 2. A simple spike with usual solitary spikelets at each node of rachis has been derived from the raceme. The middle ribe of both glumes and lemmas and rachilla are in a single plane. 3. A cymose spike with 3-spikelets at each node of rachis has evolved from the cymose panicle. The glume on the central spikelet is behind the lemma, while those on the lateral spikelets are on lateral sides of the lemmas. From what we have described above Triticeae may be divided into three subtribes: Elyminae, Triticinae and Hordeinae. Then according to the morphological characters of glume, lemma and other organs as well as the habitats and distribution, the native and introduced triticeous plants are classified into 13 genera (Leymus, Elymus, Roegneria, Elytrigia, Aegilops, Triticum, Agropyron, Eremopyrum, Secale, Haynaldia, Psathyrostachys, Hordeum and Hystrix) and their relationships are also discussed meanwhile.}

In the present paper, the morphology and structure of the flower, fruit and seed of Kingdonia uniflora are reported. Each part of the flower is usually indefinite and is spirally arranged. The venation of the tepals is open-dichotomous and classified into three types. There are two types of the stamens, which have a solitary bundle; the sterile stamens bear nectaries in the ventral furrows of the apex, and the pollen sacs of the fertile ones are lateral-extrose. The carpel is differentiated into three parts, and is not completely closed in flower, which represents a half-opened type and is simillar to that of Coptis. The fruit is an achene. The embryo is at the stage of proembryo when the fruit is mature. The endosperm is copious. In this paper, some problems concerning morphological evolution are also discussed.

Due to the unique floral and pollen morphology of the genus Craigia its systematic position, whether in the family Sterculiaceae or in the family Tiliaceae, has often been debated. In order to add more evidence for solving this problem, a comparative study on pollen morphology of the genus and 15 species of 3 tiliaceous genera, viz.: Tilia Linn., Hainania Merr. and Excentrodendron Chang. et Miau. was carried out under the light and scanning electron microscope. The result shows that the polarity, the structure and position of the aperture of Craigia pollen differ from those in Tiliaceae but are similar to those in Sterculiaceae. From palynology, it is more appropriate to place the genus under discussion in Sterculiaceae than in Tiliaceae.

The present paper deals mainly with the karyotype analysis of five materials in Angelica dahurica collected in Yanbian of Jilin, Anguo of Hebei, Yuxian of Henan, Hangzhou of Zhejiang and Suining of Sichuan. They are under the names “Dongbeidahuo”, “Qibaizhi”, “Yubaizhi”, ”Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi” respectively. Among then “Dongbeidahuo” is a wild plant, which occurs in northeastern China, and the others are cultivated as important crude drugs in some provinces. “Qi-Baizhi” and “Yubaizhi” have been identified as conspecific with the wild Baizhi-“Do-Ngbeidahuo” (A. dahurica) according to the external morphological features, whereas the other cultivated ones, “Hangbaizhi” and “Chuanbaizhi”, treated as a variety (A. dahurica var. formosana). The results of karyotype analysis are shown in Plate 1, 2, with the formula 2n=22 =12 m+2 m^SAT+4sm+4st. The karyotypes described here are constantly characterized by satellites attached to the fourth pair of metacentric chromosomes and differ from the published reports on the other species of the genus. It is reasonable to say that the five materials collectively named “Baizhi” are taxonomically closely related to each other and could be regarded as conspecific. Since the second chromosome pair is submetacentric in “Dongbeidahuo”, it may be justifiable to separate the wild plant from the cultivated ones and treat them as two separate varieties.

The folial anatomy and pollen of one species of Aleurites and two species of Vernicia were studied. The former genus is characterized by the presence of echinolophate sculpture of pollen and a single outer stomatal ledge, curved cuticular ridges of peristomatal rim as well as large nodular ornamentation on the surface of epidermis beneath which there is no hypodermis. The latter one is characterized by the verruca-murate sculpture of pollen and the cuticular striate ornamentation on leaf surface of epidermis beneath which there is one layer of hypodermis, although they both have paracytic stomata and the Crotonic type of pollen. The genus Vernicia has not been accepted for a long time, but these micromorphological characters show as additional evidence that recent separation of the two genera by Airy Shaw (1966)^[6] is reasonable. Both genera possess very similar xeromorphic feature designated here as orbicular lustrous spot.

Flavone constituents of four genera in Taxaceae were examined and bisflavone constituents were isolated and identified. The systematic position of Taxaceae is also discussed based on the literature and our own data.

In the present paper the longstanding confusion of three uncertain species of Chloranthus, C. monostachys R. Br., C. pernyanus Solms-Laub. and C. kiangsiensis Metcalf is clarified. In addition to the new record of C. nervosus Coll. et Hemsl. to the flora of China, the distributional ranges of Sarcandra hainanensis (Pei) Swamy et Bailey and Hedyosmum orientale Merr. et Chun are also found to be much bigger than previously known.