Abstract: From more than 8,000 soil samples and plant materials collected from 25 provinces and districts in this country, 138 isolates of the Choanephoraceae have been obtained. These include 1 species of the genus Gilbertella (G. persicaria) and 5 species of the genus Choanephora (C. circinans, C. trispora, C. cucurbitarum, C. conjuncta and C. infundibulifera). The recently reported species of the latter genus, C. heterospora has not been found. Keys to the genera and species as well as detailed description, synonymy and distribution of each of them are given. The phylogeny and limits of the family, genera and species are also discussed.