Abstract: This paper reports two newly recorded species from China, namely Indigofera caloneura with 1-foliolate leaves from Yunnan and I. cordifolia with simple leaves from Guangdong. There are another three species with simple leaves of Indigofera in China. Based on the microscopic observation of specimens, morphological characters which include habit, stem, leaf shape and size, indumentum, stipule and stipel, raceme, corolla color, standard shape and indumentum, anther, pod shape and size, and seed number per pod etc. in the five species are described and compared among one another. The five most important characters are chosen to discuss for taxonomic treatment.

Key words: Indigofera, Indigofera caloneura, Indigofera cordifolia, Fabaceae, new record, Guangdong, Yunnan, China