Abstract: Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. is a leguminous crop notable for its high protein content and oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids, positioning it as a valuable genetic resource for the diversification and nutritional improvement of legume species. Here, we report a gap-free telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of C. gladiata and perform phylogenomic analyses to reconstruct its evolutionary history. Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling further revealed the transcriptional regulatory networks underlying the biosynthesis of key nutritional metabolites, including amino acids and lipids. These findings lay a foundation for accelerating molecular breeding for improved nutritional quality in C. gladiata. The T2T assembly and multi-omics resources presented herein serve as valuable references for comparative genomics and the genetic improvement of legume crops.

Key words: Canavalia gladiata, metabolomics, seed development, T2T genome, transcriptomics